Infection Associated With Abortion - Revision history

Barb: /* Hepatitis */

2024-11-02T17:45:09Z

Hepatitis

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:45, 2 November 2024
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	==Hepatitis==		==Hepatitis==

			'''Associations between prior abortion and hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women attending health care facilities. Meta-analysis. Tegegne KT, Wudu TK, Tibebu AT, Tegegne ET, Tessema MK. Eur J Med Res. 2024 Oct 26;29(1):516. doi: 10.1186/s40001-024-02090-1. PMID: 39456050; PMCID: PMC11515804.'''<blockquote>
			'''Background:''' Different results were found in earlier research on pregnant women with hepatitis B virus infection and past abortions. The current meta-analysis's objective was to investigate the connection between previous abortion and hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women.

			'''Methods:''' In January 2023, the following databases were searched: PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. A total of 9 articles that were published in English from 2012 to 2022 were included. Egger's test and the funnel plot's asymmetry were employed to look for publication bias. JBI critical appraisal checklist for analytical cross-sectional studies and case-control studies were used. Using the random effect model; the combined odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were obtained.

			'''Results:''' There were 212 pregnant women with hepatitis B virus infection among the 3582 participants in nine (9) investigations. Comparing pregnant women who had prior abortions to pregnant women who had not had prior abortions, the combined effect size (OR) for hepatitis B virus infection was 3.43 (95% CI 1.66-7.10, p = 0.0009, I2 = 77%). Significant heterogeneity was present (Q = 34.33, I2 = 77%, p 0.00001). There was no evidence of publication bias (Egger's test: p = 0.495; Begg's test: p = 0.532). In all, 3582 (17.39%) pregnant women had previously had abortions, and 5.91% of pregnant women had Hepatitis B virus infection.

			'''Conclusions:''' Prior abortions elevated a pregnant woman's risk of contracting the hepatitis B virus. However, as a result of this study, we recommend to healthcare professionals to prevent unsafe abortions in order to enhance maternal health by lowering hepatitis B virus infection. Unsafe abortion can be prevented through: good sexuality education; prevention of unintended pregnancy through use of effective contraception, including emergency contraception; and provision of safe, legal abortion. In addition, deaths and disability from unsafe abortion can be reduced through the timely provision of emergency treatment of complications. .

			'''Keywords:''' Abortion; Hepatitis B virus; Meta-analysis; Pregnant women; Systematic review.</blockquote>

	''"Health issues associated with increasing use of "crack" cocaine among female sex workers in London," H Ward et al, Sex Transm Infect 76(4):292-293''		''"Health issues associated with increasing use of "crack" cocaine among female sex workers in London," H Ward et al, Sex Transm Infect 76(4):292-293''

Barb: /* Abortion Related Pelvic Inflammatory Disease */

2014-03-10T21:44:07Z

Abortion Related Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:44, 10 March 2014
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	====Abortion Related Pelvic Inflammatory Disease====		====Abortion Related Pelvic Inflammatory Disease====

			[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20015303 The association between Mycoplasma genitalium and pelvic inflammatory disease after termination of pregnancy.] Bjartling C1, Osser S, Persson K. BJOG. 2010 Feb;117(3):361-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02455.x. Epub 2009 Dec 15.

			:The prevalence and complications of Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis infections among women undergoing termination of pregnancy were studied in this nested case-control study at Malmo University Hospital, Sweden, during 2003 to 2007. The study comprised 2079 women presenting for termination of pregnancy. Forty-nine women with M. genitalium infection and 51 women with C. trachomatis infection, together with 168 negative control women, were evaluated. The prevalences of M. genitalium and C. trachomatis were 2.5% and 2.8%, respectively. The M. genitalium was strongly associated with post-termination pelvic inflammatory disease (odds ratio 6.29, 95% CI 1.56-25.2). The increased risk for pelvic inflammatory disease associated with M. genitalium infection after termination of pregnancy suggests a causal relationship.


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	''"Acute Salpingitis: Aspects on aetiology, diagnosis and prognosis," L. Westrom and P-A Mardh in Genital Infections and their Complications, D. Danielsson et al. eds. (Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1975,) 157-165.''		''"Acute Salpingitis: Aspects on aetiology, diagnosis and prognosis," L. Westrom and P-A Mardh in Genital Infections and their Complications, D. Danielsson et al. eds. (Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1975,) 157-165.''
	:In some cases iatrogenic procedures, such as legal abortions and insertion of lUD's, can cause an unrecognized infection in the cervix to spread to the uterine tubes.		:In some cases iatrogenic procedures, such as legal abortions and insertion of lUD's, can cause an unrecognized infection in the cervix to spread to the uterine tubes.


	===Bacterial Vaginosis===		===Bacterial Vaginosis===

Barb: /* Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection */

2014-03-10T21:43:24Z

Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:43, 10 March 2014
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	===Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection===		===Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection===
			The association between Mycoplasma genitalium and pelvic inflammatory disease after termination of pregnancy.
			Bjartling C1, Osser S, Persson K. BJOG. 2010 Feb;117(3):361-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2009.02455.x. Epub 2009 Dec 15.
			:The prevalence and complications of Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis infections among women undergoing termination of pregnancy were studied in this nested case-control study at Malmo University Hospital, Sweden, during 2003 to 2007. The study comprised 2079 women presenting for termination of pregnancy. Forty-nine women with M. genitalium infection and 51 women with C. trachomatis infection, together with 168 negative control women, were evaluated. The prevalences of M. genitalium and C. trachomatis were 2.5% and 2.8%, respectively. The M. genitalium was strongly associated with post-termination pelvic inflammatory disease (odds ratio 6.29, 95% CI 1.56-25.2). The increased risk for pelvic inflammatory disease associated with M. genitalium infection after termination of pregnancy suggests a causal relationship.


	''[http://www.bmj.com/content/342/bmj.d2111.full?sid=3231e3de-3641-4686-8bfc-218046a4b875 Comparison of rates of adverse events in adolescent and adult women undergoing medical abortion: population register based study]''BMJ 2011; 342:d2111		''[http://www.bmj.com/content/342/bmj.d2111.full?sid=3231e3de-3641-4686-8bfc-218046a4b875 Comparison of rates of adverse events in adolescent and adult women undergoing medical abortion: population register based study]''BMJ 2011; 342:d2111

Barb: /* General Background Studies for PID */

2014-03-10T21:40:07Z

General Background Studies for PID

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:40, 10 March 2014
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	===Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)===		===Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)===

	====General Background Studies for PID====		====General Background Studies for PID===="

			[http://www.webmd.com/infertility-and-reproduction/guide/what-happens-pelvic-inflammatory-disease About 1 out of 10 women cannot become pregnant after having PID once. After having PID three or more times, as many as 7 out of 10 women become infertile.]

	''"Factors Related to Infertility in the U.S.. 1965-1976," William D. Mosher and Sevgi 0. Aral, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 12(3): 117-123, July/September 1985. ''		''"Factors Related to Infertility in the U.S.. 1965-1976," William D. Mosher and Sevgi 0. Aral, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 12(3): 117-123, July/September 1985. ''
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	''"Introductory Address: Treatment of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in View of Etiology and Risk Factors," L. Westrom, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, October-December 1984, pp. 437-440. ''		''"Introductory Address: Treatment of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease in View of Etiology and Risk Factors," L. Westrom, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, October-December 1984, pp. 437-440. ''
	:Clinically, PID can vary from an almost symptom-free disease to a life threatening condition. Sequelae to the disease are common. Ever since the first reports on PID in the literature, a strong correlation has been observed between sexually transmitted disease and PID. In recent studies, up to 75 percent of cases of PID in women less than 25 years of age have been associated with cultural and/or serologic evidence of infection with n. gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis, or m. hominis. For any sexually active woman, the risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and hence of running this high risk of acquiring PID, is proportional to the regional prevalence of the corresponding STD and to the number of sexual partners.		:Clinically, PID can vary from an almost symptom-free disease to a life threatening condition. Sequelae to the disease are common. Ever since the first reports on PID in the literature, a strong correlation has been observed between sexually transmitted disease and PID. In recent studies, up to 75 percent of cases of PID in women less than 25 years of age have been associated with cultural and/or serologic evidence of infection with n. gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis, or m. hominis. For any sexually active woman, the risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease (STD), and hence of running this high risk of acquiring PID, is proportional to the regional prevalence of the corresponding STD and to the number of sexual partners.


	====Abortion Related Pelvic Inflammatory Disease====		====Abortion Related Pelvic Inflammatory Disease====

Barb: /* Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection */

2011-07-21T19:26:21Z

Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:26, 21 July 2011
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	===Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection===		===Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection===

			''[http://www.bmj.com/content/342/bmj.d2111.full?sid=3231e3de-3641-4686-8bfc-218046a4b875 Comparison of rates of adverse events in adolescent and adult women undergoing medical abortion: population register based study]''BMJ 2011; 342:d2111

			The rate of chlamydia infections was higher in the adolescents seeking an abortion (5.7% v 3.7%, P<0.001)than adults.

			Advanced duration of gestation (9-12, 13-16, and 17-20 weeks) was associated with an increased risk of infections after abortion. Additionally, being married or cohabiting compared with being single was associated with an increased risk of infection.


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	''"Chlamydial and gonococcal infection in a defined population of women," L. Westrom et. al, Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 32: 157 (1982). ''		''"Chlamydial and gonococcal infection in a defined population of women," L. Westrom et. al, Scand. J. Infect. Dis. 32: 157 (1982). ''
	:The risk of acquiring pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) appears to decrease with increasing age among sexually experienced women. The relative risk for PID in women who were culturally positive from the cervix for n. gonorrhea, c. trachomatis or both, assigning a relative risk of 1.0 in the 15-19 year old age group were 0.7 for women 20-24; 0.4 for women 25-29 and 0.2 for women 30-34. Cited in Sexually Transmitted Diseases K.K. Holmes, P-A Mardh et. al (McGraw-Hill, 1989) 598.		:The risk of acquiring pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) appears to decrease with increasing age among sexually experienced women. The relative risk for PID in women who were culturally positive from the cervix for n. gonorrhea, c. trachomatis or both, assigning a relative risk of 1.0 in the 15-19 year old age group were 0.7 for women 20-24; 0.4 for women 25-29 and 0.2 for women 30-34. Cited in Sexually Transmitted Diseases K.K. Holmes, P-A Mardh et. al (McGraw-Hill, 1989) 598.


	===Gonnorhea===		===Gonnorhea===

WikiSysop: Protected "Infection Associated With Abortion" [edit=sysop:move=sysop]

2008-07-06T21:55:00Z

Protected "Infection Associated With Abortion" [edit=sysop:move=sysop]

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2008-07-06T21:54:45Z

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